Papaya 1.3.2

• Fruit, papaya, fresh, bulk 271 fruit, peaches, fresh, bulk. Ugr-a breakfast 1 semiperishable (1/3 + 2/3 ) 729 ugr-a breakfast 2 perishable.
• We plant papaya trees in two places (A and B), with different environments. After 6 months the saplings were evaluated in their health condition, using a discrete numerical index, from 1 (healthy) to 5 (dead). Test if there is a difference in health status between the two sites, using the U-Mann-Whitney test Table 2.

1. Papaya 13
2. Papaya 13 Word Cookies

Amount of Fructose, Glucose, Sorbitol and Fructans in Foods

Fruit tree patches are Farming patches used to grow fruit-bearing trees. Growing fruit trees are somewhat different to other plants, in that there is an intermediate growing stage where the seed must be grown into a sapling before being planted into a cleared fruit tree patch.

Foods, problematic in fructose malabsorption (FM) are:

• High in fructose
• High in sorbitol
• Have high fructose-to-glucose ratio (>1)
• High in fructans or other FODMAPs (problematic only for some persons with FM)

Table 1: Foods, high in fructose, glucose, sorbitol, fructans and other FODMAPs (N/A = data non applicable)

FOOD	Fructose (g/100g)	Glucose (g/100g)	Fructose-to-Glucose Ratio	Sorbitol and other polyols (g/100g);Fructans, FODMAPs (g/serving)
High Fructose Corn Syrup (HFCS55)	39,05	31,95	1,22	0
HONEY	38.38 (31-44)	30.31 (23-41)	1,23 (0,76-1,86)	3-4g oligo-saccharides (15)
“LOW CALORIE” FOODS and SOFT DRINKS	< 3	< 3	N/A*	Check labels for Sugar alcohols (Polyols)
“SUGAR FREE” CHEWING GUM	0	0	N/A	~1,3-2,2g of sorbitol or xylitol / stick
VITAMIN and MEDICATION SYRUPS (for children)	N/A	N/A	N/A	Milk of Magnesia: 6g / dose; theophylinne: 26g /dose
PRUNES	Up to 23	Up to 30	0,77	Up to 15
PRUNE JUICE	14,0	23,0	0,61	12,7
AGAVE SYRUP	42-70	6-33	> 1.5	N/A
APPLES, dried	28,60	10,12	2,83	2,56
CHERRIES (sweet)	Up to 7,2	4,7	1,53	12,6
PEAR JUICE	5-9	1-2	4,5-5	1,1-2,6
PEARS, raw	6,23	2,76	2,25	3,59(8)
APPLE JUICE	6,40	2,40	2,67	0,56
APPLES, raw	5,74	2,03	2,83	0,51
DATES, medjool	31,95	33,68	0,95	1,5
PEACHES, dried	13,49	12,83	1,05	5,41
APRICOTS, dried	4,88	9,69	0,50	4,60
PEACHES, raw	1,23	1,03	1,19	0,89
RAISINS	31,6	31,20	1,01	0,85
PLUMS, raw	Up to 4,0	Up to 5,05	0,72	Up to 2,8
APRICOTS, raw	0,73	1,87	0,50	0,82
COMPOTES (canned fruits + syrup)	3-8	3-8	~ 1	N/A
KAKI	8	7	1,14	N/A
POMEGRANATE	7,90	7,20	1,10	N/A
WATERMELON	3,92	3,02	1,94	N/A
GRAPES	7,44	7,18	1,04	Traces of sorbitol
SWEET POTATOE in skin, boiled	0,50	0,57	0,88	N/A
KIWI	4,60	4,32	1,06	N/A
FIGS, dried	23,50	25,70	0,91	N/A
MANGO	2,60	0,85	3,05	N/A
PAPAYA	17	17	1	27 g of sucrose, also contains xylitol
WHEAT (BREAD, PASTA, PASTRY,)	N/A	N/A	N/A	1-2,5 g of fructans / serving
ONION, SPRING ONION	N/A	N/A	N/A	2g/s.
LEEK	N/A	N/A	N/A	6g/s.
ASPARAGUS	0,99	0,81	1,23	2,6g/s.
JERUSALEM ARTICHOKES	1,73	0,76	2,28	15g/s.
GLOBE ARTICHOKE	N/A	N/A	N/A	6g/s.
DANDELION GREENS	N/A	N/A	N/A	3g/s.
CHICORY ROOTS	N/A	N/A	N/A	30g/s.
CHICORY (coffe substitutes)	N/A	N/A	N/A	3g/s.
HONEY MELON	1,30	0,62	2,10	N/A
ORANGE JUICE	up to 5,3	2,4	2,20	0
RYE WHOLE MEAL BREAD	1,06	0,72	1,47	N/A
BLUEBERRIES	3,35	2,47	1,36	N/A
TOMATO	1,36	1,08	1,26	N/A
GREEN PEAS	1,31	0,96	1,36	N/A
LEGUMES (beans),BROCCOLI, BRUSSEL SPROUTS, CARROTS, CAULIFLOWER	< 1,3	< 1,3	N/A	Galactans, raffinose, cellulose
GRAPE (WHITE) JUICE	7,5	7,1	1,05	0
ORANGES, PINEAPPLE, BLACKBERRY, GOOSEBERRY, RASPBERRY, STRAWBERRY	2-4	2-3	0,7-1,10	Strawberries and raspberries contain xylitol(20)
WINE, sweet	0,41	0,38	1,08	N/A
ZUCCHINI	1,02	0,90	1,13	N/A
GREEN CABBAGE	0,90	0,81	1,11	N/A
CARAMEL	N/A	N/A	N/A	Various sugars, oils, proteins, milk
BARLEY MALT SYRUP	Traces	~1g	N/A	~1g sucrose, ~6g complex sugars, ~5-6g maltose / tbsp
BROWN RICE SYRUP	0	0,6-1,6g /tbsp	N/A	~6g complex sugars, ~6g maltose / tbsp
MAPLE SYRUP	Traces	Up to 2g / tbsp	N/A	~2g sucrose / tbsp
CORN SYRUP (GLUCOSE SYRUP)	Traces	Various amounts	N/A	Various amounts of sucrose, maltose, and oligosaccharides
CORN SYRUP SOLIDS (DRIED GLUCOSE)	0	Various amounts	N/A	N/A
BANANA	3,8	4,5	0,84	0
SUCROSE	50	50	1	0

For explanation see low fructose diet in frucose malabsorption. Check also nutrition guide: foods safe to eat, to try or to avoid in FM

Related Articles:

References:

1. Foods with high fructose, sorbitol, or F:G ratio (fructose.at)
2. Foods, high in fructose (nutrition.whatfoods.com)
3. Foods, high in fructose (nutritiondata.com)
4. FODMAPs (virginia.edu)
5. Sorbitol in pears (whfoods.com)
6. Fructose and sorbitol in fruit juices (hini.org)
7. White grapes fructose and sorbitol content (nutritionj.com)
8. Honey sugars (honey.com)
9. Glucose (corn) syrup (starch.dk)
10. Carica papaya contains xylitol (appliedhealth.com)
11. Brown rice syrup ingredients (briess.com)
12. Barley malt ingredients (edenfoods.com)
13. Raffinose sources (drweil.com)

Crystal structure of papaya glutaminyl cyclase, an archetype for plant and bacterial glutaminyl cyclases.

Papaya 13

Wintjens, R., Belrhali, H., Clantin, B., Azarkan, M., Bompard, C., Baeyens-Volant, D., Looze, Y., Villeret, V.

Papaya 13 Word Cookies

(2006) J Mol Biol 357: 457-470

• PubMed: 16438985Search on PubMed
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2005.12.029
• Primary Citation of Related Structures:
  2FAW


• PubMed Abstract:
  

Glutaminyl cyclases (QCs) (EC 2.3.2.5) catalyze the intramolecular cyclization of protein N-terminal glutamine residues into pyroglutamic acid with the concomitant liberation of ammonia. QCs may be classified in two groups containing, respectively, the mammalian enzymes, and the enzymes from plants, bacteria, and parasites ...

Glutaminyl cyclases (QCs) (EC 2.3.2.5) catalyze the intramolecular cyclization of protein N-terminal glutamine residues into pyroglutamic acid with the concomitant liberation of ammonia. QCs may be classified in two groups containing, respectively, the mammalian enzymes, and the enzymes from plants, bacteria, and parasites. The crystal structure of the QC from the latex of Carica papaya (PQC) has been determined at 1.7A resolution. The structure was solved by the single wavelength anomalous diffraction technique using sulfur and zinc as anomalous scatterers. The enzyme folds into a five-bladed beta-propeller, with two additional alpha-helices and one beta hairpin. The propeller closure is achieved via an original molecular velcro, which links the last two blades into a large eight stranded beta-sheet. The zinc ion present in the PQC is bound via an octahedral coordination into an elongated cavity located along the pseudo 5-fold axis of the beta-propeller fold. This zinc ion presumably plays a structural role and may contribute to the exceptional stability of PQC, along with an extended hydrophobic packing, the absence of long loops, the three-joint molecular velcro and the overall folding itself. Multiple sequence alignments combined with structural analyses have allowed us to tentatively locate the active site, which is filled in the crystal structure either by a Tris molecule or an acetate ion. These analyses are further supported by the experimental evidence that Tris is a competitive inhibitor of PQC. The active site is located at the C-terminal entrance of the PQC central tunnel. W83, W110, W169, Q24, E69, N155, K225, F22 and F67 are highly conserved residues in the C-terminal entrance, and their putative role in catalysis is discussed. The PQC structure is representative of the plants, bacterial and parasite enzymes and contrasts with that of mammalian enzymes, that may possibly share a conserved scaffold of the bacterial aminopeptidase.

Related Citations:

• crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction studies of the glutaminyl cyclase from carica papaya latex
  Azarkan, M., Clantin, C., Bompard, C., Belrhali, H., Baeyens-Volant, D., Looze, Y., Villeret, V.
  (2005) Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun F61: 59

Organizational Affiliation:

Laboratoire de Chimie Générale, Institut de Pharmacie-U.L.B. CP 206/04, Boulevard du Triomphe, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.